Fabric pinch sack-making machine, pinch sack and method for the production thereof

ABSTRACT

The invention describes a pinched sack ( 18 ), which ( 18 ) is made at least partially from a plastic material ( 3 ), showing a sack body, essentially comprising a tube section ( 24 ), and which ( 18 ) shows at least one pinched bottom ( 55 ) at one end of the tube section ( 24 ). 
     At least some of the plastic material ( 3 ) is stretched and at least one pinched bottom ( 55 ) is fixated by a thermally induced bonding process.

The invention relates to a pinched sack, a method for producing a pinched sack, a station to form pinched bottoms, as well as a device for the production of pinched-bottom sacks. The above-mentioned objectives are defined in the preambles of claims 1, 5, 8, and 14.

Pinched sacks are known. Like all common sacks they show a sack body, essentially comprising a tubular body and/or representing it. The pinched sacks comprise at least one pinched bottom, which closes one end of the sack body. It is created by folding one end of the tubular section, usually along a folding line, and fixating it at the sack wall. According to prior art, pinched sacks made from paper are known. They can be easily produced by hand or by an automated folding to shut the ends of the tubular sections. Generally glue is used to determine and/or fixate the folded-over tubular ends at a sack wall.

From the publication U.S. Pat. No. 6,800,051 B2 plastic sacks are also known showing glued pinched bottoms.

Recently the need for high-quality printed and extraordinarily stable sacks has been increased for the consumer sector. For example, animal feed shall be packed in such sacks. In addition to an appealing appearance required for the consumer sector they shall also be stable to such an extent that the sacks stacked in warehouses can withstand collisions, for example by shopping carts.

For the reasons mentioned, thick, resistant material is used to form the sacks. This thick, resistant material aggravates the formation of the bottom and renders it more expensive. Due to the return forces of the material against bending it may additionally occur that the bottoms can reopen during the curing of the glue or that quality defects develop at the adhesion. This may particularly occur in pinched bottoms, because the material here is folded over by 180°. Attempts have been made to correct the described quality defects via an expensive extended compression.

The objective of the present invention therefore comprises suggesting a sack made form a resistant but well printable material and still showing a bottom which can be beneficially formed. The objective is attained such that at least one pinched bottom of the sack is determined by a heat-induced bonding process.

In such processes the connection between the sack wall and the sack and/or tubular end section folded over cures when the sacks are cooling.

In addition to thermally induced adhesion processes, which are also advantageous, among other things sealing or welding processes are possible as the thermally induced bonding processes. Here, the sealing or thermal sealing leads to a bonding without the plastic material to be connected being liquefied to a melt. During welding some of the plastic material is partially transferred into a melt. The rapid fixation of the bottom is further facilitated when the pinched folding is covered with a bottom cover sheet.

A clever selection of the sack material can also lead to remarkable advantages for the formation of the bottom. For example, stretched material shows strong resistance, allowing the use of thinner material. Compound films or laminates can be used advantageously in this context, which include polyolefin material showing good stretching characteristics. Materials made from stretched plastic webs show particular resistance.

A very advantageously used material composition includes a stretched web, onto which a well printable film was adhered and/or laminated with the help of an extrudate.

It is advantageous for the tube section to be guided, at least during a portion of its production, perpendicularly in reference to its longitudinal axis through the sack production device and particularly through the station to form pinched bottoms. Generally, this occurs in a transportation system comprising a conveyer belt, among other things.

It is advantageous when the tube section is guided at least with one end through a guiding element during the formation of the bottom. This guiding element should be formed such that it closes one end of the sack. During the closing the tube section can advantageously be heated. In particular when the guiding element is made from metal it can be heated and this way transfer at least some of the thermal energy necessary for the bonding process to the tube section.

The heating with hot air during the closing of the end of the sack is advantageous. Here, the hot air can be blown into the u-shaped arch of the sack material forming during the closing and this way portions of the surface of the sack material, which shall adhere to each other, can be heated. When the guiding element is embodied with dual walls the sack material can be guided in this dual wall. This guiding element may taper in the traveling direction of the sacks so that the sack wall is made to contact.

For the purpose of this publication, a device performing several processing steps for the production of sacks is called a device to produce pinched sacks. Such a device shows several processing stations, in which processing steps are performed. Such devices are frequently called bottom layers, because the formation of the bottom is considered a decisive processing step. For the purpose of this publication the station to form pinched bottoms represents this processing station directly forming the pinched bottom. Such a processing station may comprise a separate transportation device for tube sections. Generally such a station is penetrated by a transportation device with several processing stations being allocated thereto.

Additional exemplary embodiments of the invention are discernible from the present description and the claims. The individual figures show:

FIG. 1 top view of a schematic illustration of a device for producing sacks

FIG. 2 a sketch of elements of a bottom-forming station

FIG. 3 a sketch of elements of a bottom-forming station and a compression station

FIG. 4 another sketch of elements of a bottom-forming station and a compression station

FIG. 5 a schematic top view of a bottom-forming station

FIG. 6 a schematic top view of another bottom-forming station

FIG. 7 a longitudinal cross section through a sack

FIG. 8 a top view of a schematic illustration of another device for producing sacks

FIG. 9 a section through a guiding element along a line B-B in FIG. 5

FIG. 10 a section through a guiding element along a line A-A in FIG. 9

FIG. 11 a view of a sack from its front

FIG. 12 a section through a preferred sack material

FIG. 1 shows a top view of a schematic illustration of a device 17 for the production of sacks 18. The device 17 is shown very schematically, and frequently symbols indicate the function of the respective processing station. The device 17 for the production of sacks 18 begins the production process with a material web 3, which is unrolled in an unrolling station 1 from a material roll 2. The material roll 2, similar to many other symbols, is rotated by 90° for illustrative purposes. Subsequently the web 3 passes a stretcher 5 in a pre-stressing station 4. The pre-stressing symbol 5 is also shown rotated by 90°.

The web 3 reaches a perforation station 8, in which via lasers 6, emitting beams 7, cuts are inserted along the perforation line 9 into the web. It must also be mentioned that the perforation occurs prior to the tube formation and that here it is performed with the help of lasers 6. It shall also be pointed out that the perforation line 9 here is not a straight line. Details regarding this are stated in the following.

The now perforated web 3 reaches the tube formation station 10. Based on the symbols 12 it is shown how the cross section of the tube forms. Of course, these symbols also show the cross section rotated by 90°. It shall be mentioned that the formation of a tube 15 occurs from a flat-lying web 3 by said web being guided over a series of sheets and rolls, with lateral sections of the web 3 being folded over. In the proximity of the edges 19, 20 of the web 3, which now contact each other, a section with material 14 overlapping develops. In the device shown, during the tube formation, lateral folds 11 are also formed in the tube 15, thus laterally folded sacks 18 are produced. During further transportation in the travel direction z a longitudinal adhesion 21 is applied in the overlapping material section 14 in the longitudinal adhesion station 16. This process is shown by an extruder symbol 22. The use of a polyolefinic melt is advantageous. However, the longitudinal seam may also be formed by way of sealing or welding. Subsequently the tubular web 15 reaches a tearing station 23, in which the web is subjected to longitudinal forces so that the tubular web 15 is separated into tube sections 24. The tearing process is symbolized by the arrows 25. The use of dual-belt conveyers is advantageous for tearing the tube sections.

Along its longitudinal axes, the tube sections are conveyed in the travel direction z into the rotation and deflection station 26, in which the tube sections 24 are rotated, which is caused by the rotary table 27, among other things. After the rotation a deflection can occur. Here, the rotated tube sections 24 are deflected along a path (e.g., curve) indicated by the symbol 28. It is advantageous for a rotation to occur by at least 90°.

In FIG. 1 now the longitudinal axes of the tube sections are aligned perpendicular in reference to their travel direction z.

In the aligning station 29 the tube sections 24 are aligned along two tube section edges (once perpendicular in reference to the travel direction z and once parallel thereto). This is illustrated by the symbols 30 and 31.

In the station 32 for the formation of pinched bottoms or the bottom-forming station 32 one end of the tube section 24 is heated (symbol 33) and then the folding of the respective end of the tube section upon the tube wall is performed (symbol 34). The bottom 62 formed in this manner is fixated in a compressing station 35. This frequently occurs in roller gaps between compression rolls (symbol 38). The finished sacks 18 are stacked in the storage station 37 (symbol 36). This advantageously occurs such that the bottoms of the sacks 18 are placed on top of each other.

FIGS. 2 through 10 sketch parts of exemplary embodiments of a bottom-forming station and subsequent compression rolls 38.

FIG. 2 shows a guiding element 39 comprising a cross section which is u-shaped. The guiding element 39 is dual-walled and can guide the sack material between its dual walls 45, 46. A conveyer table 40 is discernible next to the guiding element. In the interior chamber 41 of the guiding element 39 a jet 43 of a hot air tube 42 can be pivoted by a rotary motion (arrow 48 in FIG. 5) about an axis 44.

In FIG. 3 this bottom-forming station is shown from a different angle, with the compression rolls 38 being additionally illustrated, while the illustration of the hot air tube 42 is waived, though. However, the hot air tube 42 is shown in FIG. 4, both in a deflected state (dot-dash lines) as well as in the operating position (continuous lines). In this position the hot air tube blows hot air into the interior chamber 41 of the guiding element 39.

FIG. 5 shows how a tube section 24 is transported in the direction towards the guiding element. During its motion towards the guiding element 39 the tube section is transported over the conveyer table 40, with the conveyer belt 49 here transmitting the force required. From the conveyer table 40 the end 50 of the tube section reaches the area between the walls 45 and 46 of the guiding element. Here the end 50 of the tube section 24 is folded over onto the front wall 53. During this process the sack material is heated by hot air in the area of the folding. In order to support this process the inner wall 46 of the guiding element 39 may be heated or it may be provided with recesses to allow the heated air to be able to reach the tube material. In general, the inner wall 46 ends in the travel direction z before the outer wall ends (FIG. 10). One or both walls of the tube section may taper like a funnel in the travel direction z. This way, the distance 52 between the exterior walls 45 of the guiding element 39 becomes smaller in the travel direction z. The line 47 is the section farthest apart from the center of the tube 56, in which the guiding element 39 (with its outer wall 45) guides the sack material. It is advantageous for this line 47 to be inclined in the travel direction z (travel direction shown by dot-dash line 51, incline shown generously by the angle α). It is frequently advantageous to incline the entire guiding element 39, as discernible from FIG. 6. In FIG. 6 the illustration of the hot air tube 42 has been omitted.

FIG. 7 once more shows a cross section through a pinched sack 18, in which the end 50 of the tube section 24 is folded over onto the front wall 53 of the sack 18. Thus, the folding occurs about an angle of approximately 180° and here forms a folding line, which shows an angle of 90° in reference to the longitudinal axis of the tube section. It is also discernible that the front wall 53 folded over is shorter than the rear wall 54 folded over, which can develop from an uneven perforation cut 9 (FIG. 1). Such an embodiment is advantageous. Based on a view of a sack 18 from the front (front wall 53) FIG. 11 once more explains the same objects as FIG. 7. The center of the sack 56 and the axis of the tube section 57 are explained, here.

FIG. 9 shows, as already mentioned, the u-shaped cross section of the guiding element in a more detailed manner and clarifies, among other things, the importance of the distance 52 between the outer walls 45 of the guiding element as well as the importance of the guiding line 47. Such a cross section is discernible when the guiding element 39 in FIG. 5 is sectioned, viewed in the direction sketched by the arrows 65, and the view is reduced to the features of the guiding element 39.

FIG. 10 shows the cross section A-A through the guiding element 39, with hot air being blown into its interior space 41 by the nozzle 43.

FIG. 8 shows an alternative device for the production of sacks 18, comprising two device components 60 and 63. The device component 63 represents a tube-forming device 63, whose first five processing stations 1, 4, 8, 10, and 16 are equivalent in their function to the identically numbered operating stations of the device 17 of FIG. 1. However, the tube 15, formed after the longitudinal adhesion station 16, is wound to a tube roll 59 in the winding station 64. As discernible by the arrows 61 and the angle 59 (dot-dash lines), it may be transported to the winding station 1 of the additional bottom-forming device 60. Here, the tubular web 15 is unwound and reaches the tearing station 23, in which it is separated into tube sections 24 (arrows 25). Instead of a tearing of the tube sections, other separating principles, such as lateral cutting, are also possible. The further transportation of tube sections 24 occurs in the travel direction z, which is perpendicular in reference to the unwinding direction of the tubular web 15. Transportation and processing occur by the stations 29, 32, 35, and 37, which in turn show the same functions as the identically numbered stations of the device 17. FIG. 12 shows a cross section through a preferred sack material from a web 66 (preferably a stretched polyolefin web), extrudate 67, and printable film 68. In general, these layers are connected to each other and not distanced. Intermediate layers, perhaps comprising paper, are also possible.

FIG. 12 once more shows the interior wall 46 of the guiding element 39, shown in FIG. 9, in a top view. Only the lateral guiding line 47 and the end line 69 of the outer wall 45 are shown in order to avoid hindering the view to the inner wall 46. The inner wall 46 shows a bead 70, i.e. its distance from the outer wall and thus also to the lateral guiding line is reduced and/or it points towards it. This has proven advantageous.

Here, a hot air nozzle blows air largely orthogonally in reference to the travel direction of the semi-finished sack material z into the interior space 41 of the guiding element 39 (in the x-direction). This beneficially occurs shortly before or behind the end of the inner wall in the z-direction. Here, the area is advantageous in which the inner wall 46 has just ended and the outer wall is still present. “Shortly before or shortly behind” means in this context less than 5 cm, advantageously however less than 3 cm. The distance between the guiding line 47 and the outlet of the nozzle 43 has proven critical as well. Here, it is advantageous if it can be adjusted to less than 3 cm. Even greater advantages can be achieved if this distance can be adjusted to 15 to 5 mm and if sacks are produced after the adjustment of the above-mentioned distances.

LIST OF REFERENCE CHARACTERS

-   1 unrolling station -   2 web winding -   3 web/material web -   4 pre-stressing station -   5 pre-stressing symbol -   6 laser -   7 beam -   8 perforation station -   9 perforation line -   10 tube-forming station -   11 lateral folds -   12 symbol for tube cross section -   13 -   14 overlapping material -   15 tube/bottom of the tube -   16 longitudinal adhesion station -   17 device for producing sacks -   18 sacks -   19 edge of the web -   20 edge of the web -   21 longitudinal adhesion -   22 extruder -   23 tearing station -   24 tube sections -   25 arrows -   26 rotary and deflection station -   27 rotary table -   28 deflection -   29 aligning station -   30 symbol for aligning station -   31 symbol for aligning station -   32 station for forming pinched bottoms -   33 symbol for heater -   34 symbol for folding -   35 compression station -   36 symbol for storage -   37 storage station -   38 pressure rolls/symbol for pressure rolls -   39 guiding element -   40 table -   41 interior chamber of the guiding element -   42 hot air tube -   43 nozzle -   44 rotary axis -   45 outer wall of the guiding element -   46 inner wall of the guiding element -   47 lateral guiding line -   48 arrow showing rotary motion -   49 conveyer belt -   50 end of the tube section -   51 line -   52 distance -   53 front wall -   54 rear wall -   55 folding line -   56 center of tube/center of sack -   57 longitudinal axis of the sack/tube section -   58 winding station -   59 tubular web winding -   60 additional bottom layer/device component -   61 arrow (transportation of the tubular web winding) -   62 pinched bottom -   63 additional bottom laying device/device component -   64 winding station -   65 arrows in the direction of view of FIG. 9 -   66 web -   67 extrudate -   68 film -   69 end line of the outer wall of the guiding element -   70 bead of the interior wall of the film guiding element -   71 distance between the outlet of the nozzle 43 and the lateral     guiding line 47 

1. A pinched sack (18), which (18) at least partially comprises plastic material (3), which (18) comprises a sack body made essentially from a hose section (24), and which (18) comprises at least one pinched bottom (55) at one end of the hose section (24), characterized in that at least a portion of the plastic material (3) is stretched and at least one pinched bottom (55) is determined by a thermally induced bonding process with hot air being blown into the u-shaped arch of the sack material, which forms during the closing of the pinched bottom.
 2. A pinched sack (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the stretched plastic material (3) comprises polyolefin, preferably a polyolefin web.
 3. A pinched sack (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermally induced bonding process is a sealing or welding process.
 4. A pinched sack (18) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pinched bottom (55) comprises a bottom cover sheet.
 5. A method for producing a pinched sack (18) comprising packaging material (3) with the pinched sack (18) comprising a sack body essentially comprising a hose section (24), with the packaging material (3) at least partially comprising plastic, and with at least one pinched bottom (55) of the sack (18) is determined by a thermal bonding method using hot air, characterized in that the sack bottom is heated with hot air during the closing of the sack bottom, by the hot air being blown into the u-shaped arch of the sack material.
 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the folding, which forms the pinched bottom (55), at least at one end of the sack, is created by a tube section (24) being guided perpendicular in reference to its longitudinal axis (57) at least partially through a guiding element (39).
 7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one end of the sack (50) is heated, while the end of the sack (50) is guided through the guiding element (39).
 8. A station (32) for the formation of pinched bottoms (55), in which the ends of the hose sections can be folded over and can be fixated and in which a heating device (42) is provided, by which (42) at least one end of the hose sections (50) can be heated with hot air characterized in the following features: a transportation device (49) by which the hose sections (24) can be transported perpendicular in reference to their longitudinal axis (57), a guiding element (39), by which (39) one end of the hose sections (24) can be guided during transportation by the transportation device (49), with the heating device (42) comprising a hot air device by which air located between the legs of the u-shaped cross section of the guiding element (39) can be blown into the area (41) of the guiding element (39).
 9. A station (32) according to claim 8, characterized in that the guiding element (39) comprises an area with an essentially u-shaped cross section.
 10. A station (32) according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding element (39) is embodied dual-walled at least in partial sections in the direction of transportation (z) of the sacks.
 11. A station (32) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating device (42) comprises heating elements by which the guiding element (39) can be heated.
 12. A station (32) according to claim 11, characterized in that air can be blown into the area of the guiding element (39), in which the inner (46) of the two walls ends (45, 46).
 13. A station (32) according to claim 11, characterized in that the inner (46) of the two walls (45, 46) ends in the direction of transportation (z) of the sack semi-finished parts before the exterior wall (45) and that the air can be blown into the guiding element (39) in which the inner wall (46) has already ended.
 14. A station (32) according to claim 9 characterized in that the inner (46) of the two walls (45, 46) is provided at its ends with a bead (70) further projecting in a spatial direction (x) perpendicular in reference to the direction of transportation (z) of the semi-finished sacks in the direction of the outer wall (45) than the remainder of the inner wall (46).
 15. A device for the production of pinched sacks (18), comprising the following features: an unwinding device (1) for unwinding a material web (3), a perforation device (8) for the perpendicular perforation of the web-shaped material (3), a tubing device (11) for the production of a tube (15) made from a material web, a tearing device (23) by which (23) the web-shaped material (3) can be torn off along the perforation seams (9), a direction of transportation (49), in which (49) the tubular sections (24) can be transported perpendicular in reference to their longitudinal axis (57), characterized by a station (32) for the formation of pinched bottoms (55), in which (32) the ends (50) of tubular sections (24) can be folded over and fastened, comprising the following features: a guiding element (39), by which (39) one end (50) of the tubular sections (24) can be guided during the transportation with a transportation device (49), a heating device (42), by which (42) at least one end (50) of the tubular sections (24) can be heated, with the heating device (42) comprising a hot air device, by which air can be blown into the area (41) of the guiding element (39) located between the two legs of the u-shaped cross section of the guiding element (39).
 16. A device (17, 60) according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation device is a laser perforation device (8), and that it (8) is located upstream in reference to the tubing device (10) in the direction of processing (z) of the material (3, 15).
 17. A device for the production of pinched sacks (18) comprising the following features: an unrolling device (1) for unrolling a material web (3), a perforation device (8) for the perpendicular perforation of the web-shaped material (3), a tube-forming device (11) to produce a tube (15) from a material web, a tearing device (23) by which (23) the web-shaped material (3) can be torn off along the perforation seams (9), a conveyer device (49) by which (49) the tube sections (24) can be transported perpendicular in reference to their longitudinal axis (57), characterized by a station (32) to form pinched bottoms (55), in which (32) the ends (50) of tube sections (24) can be folded over and fixated, comprising the following features: a guiding element (39) by which (39) one end (50) of the tube sections (24) can be guided during transportation with the conveyer device (49), a heating device (42), by which (42) at least one end (50) of the tube sections (24) can be heated.
 18. A device (17, 60) according to the previous claim, characterized in that the perforation device is a laser perforation device (8) and that it (8) is arranged upstream in reference to the tube-forming device (10) in the processing direction (z) of the material (3, 15). 